Role of Biomarkers in Diagnosis of Sepsis
Journal Title: JOURNAL OF MEDICAL COLLEGE CHANDIGARH - Year 2016, Vol 6, Issue 2
Abstract
Sepsis is a common and serious problem amongst patients being treated in intensive care units. The current consensus statement defines sepsis as a “Life-threatening organ dysfunction caused by a dysregulated host response to infection.” Bacteria are the most common cause of sepsis. Rapid and accurate determination of the presence or absence of bacterial infection is important to guide appropriate therapy. To have early and accurate sepsis detection, to shorten the time of administration of antibiotics and to distinguish sepsis from sepsis like situations various biomarkers have been mentioned. These are defined as “a characteristic that is objectively measured and evaluated as an indicator of normal biological process, pathogenic process, or pharmacologic response to a therapeutic intervention”. Recently they have been classified as diagnostic, monitoring, surrogate, and for stratification. The two most widely used biomarkers are procalcitonin and C-reactive protein. The others are- lipopolysaccharide binding protein, pentraxin, cytokines/chemokines, lactate, soluble triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells-1, soluble form of urokinase-type plasminogen activator receptor, mid regional proadrenomedullin, neutrophil CD 64, presepsin, interleukin 27, miRNA, cfDNA and copeptin. The focus now is on using combination of the biomarkers than using individually to increase sensitivity and specificity; however further prospective testing of these biomarkers by the use of appropriate statistical methods is required. Finally interpretation in the clinical context of the patient with serial measurements provides more useful information.
Authors and Affiliations
Varsha Gupta, Vibha Mehta
Keywords
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