Sacral Hiatus: An Anatomical Study
Journal Title: IOSR Journal of Dental and Medical Sciences (IOSR-JDMS) - Year 2017, Vol 16, Issue 1
Abstract
Sacrum is a triangular bone formed by the fusion of five vertebrae. The sacral hiatus is the deficiency in the lower part of the dorsal wall of the sacral canal resulting from the failure of the fusion of most commonly the laminae of the 5th sacral vertebra. During caudal epidural anaethesia, the anaesthetic drug is injected through the sacral hiatus to gain access to the epidural space of the sacral canal. The study is an attempt to examine the morphological as well as morphometrical aspects of sacral hiatus. Thirty sacra were taken up for the study. The sacra were studied for shape of sacral hiatus, position of the apex, position of the base, width of the base, length of hiatus and its depth at the apex. The various types found in the study were inverted U, inverted V, Irregular, Dumb-bell and M. The inverted U type had the highest incidence (36.67%). The location of the apex had the highest incidence at S4 (56.67%). The base of the sacral hiatus was located most commonly located at S5 (83.33%). The length of the sacral hiatus was mostly found to be in the range of 11-20mm (36.67%) with an average of 18.97mm. The width of the base was most commonly found to be 11-15mm (46.67%) with an average of 9.13mm. The depth of the sacral hiatus at the level of the apex was most commonly found to be 4-6mm (70%) with an average of 4.67mm. An ideal sacral hiatus would be the one which is sufficiently long, wide as well as deep. A sacral hiatus which is too long is not favorable for caudal epidural anaesthesia as it may lead to puncture of the dural sac.
Authors and Affiliations
Dr. Irungbam Deven Singh, Dr. L. Birendro Singh, Dr. A. Jaishree Devi
Keywords
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- EP ID EP590299
- DOI 10.9790/0853-1601083537
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