Abstract

Introduction: Primary Large B-cell lymphoma of the cervix is a very rare disease. Because of the rarity of this tumor, it can lead to mistakes or delays in the diagnosis and proper therapy, and eventually becoming diagnosed in locally advanced stages. Objective: The aim is to provide an updated review in the issue and report a recent case in our institution. Case report: We describe a 46-year-old healthy woman with primary extranodal non-Hodgkin's diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) of the uterine cervix Ann Arbor stage IIEA IPI 1. The patient presented an acute renal failure and severe ureterohydronephrosis due to a large cervical mass. She was successfully treated with 6 courses of multidrug therapy based on Rituximab, Cyclophosphamide, Doxorubicin, Vincristine and Prednisone (R-CHOP) with no major side effects. Discussion: Symptoms are usually nonspecific and the diagnosis is difficult to reach. DLBCL is the most common histological type of extranodal non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. Therapy is still under discussion but chemotherapy with R-CHOP or CHOP-like regimens are suitable with a better prognosis and high overall survival. To conclude, in the case of a young woman with a large well defined uterine cervical mass, bilateral ureteral entrapment and an uncertain Pap or biopsy tests, the presence of a lymphoma should be considered among other rare tumors. Biopsy and immunophenotypical evaluation are essential for diagnosis of unusual tumors. We should not establish a treatment till have a correct diagnosis.

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