Techno-Economic Aspects of Using Consumers-Controllers in Automatic Frequency and Power Control Systems
Journal Title: Проблеми загальної енергетики - Year 2015, Vol 0, Issue 1
Abstract
The Integrated Power System (IPS) of Ukraine in its current state operates as a part of the Power Association consisting of power systems of the Russian Federation, Ukraine and the Baltic Sea States. This Association makes use of common automatic frequency and power control system (AFPCS) that utilizes hydroelectric power plants (HPP) of the Power System of Russia. System emergencies (disconnections of NPP units) that occurred in Ukraine over the last few years showed an acceptable efficiency of AFPCS. However, such situation cannot be considered as normal, and under current conditions it cannot exist for a long time due to a series of factors, the most salient of which are energy security, joining the European power system ENTSO-E, competitiveness, etc. That is why there is an urgent need of developing a modern, full-featured and proprietary AFPCS within the framework of the IPS structure in Ukraine. The comparison of key performance indicators of considered variants of building the AFPCS secondary control subsystem indicates the absolute superiority of the structure using consumers-controllers (CC) in the form of heat pump systems (HPS). The construction of AFPCS based on controlled load customers involves the investment costs which are by UAH 8.235 billion (USD 1.03 billion or by 38%) less than the traditional variant employing generators-controllers. The AFPC system based on CC ensures the net annual profit in the amount of UAH 23.4 billion (USD 2.92 billion) and the payback period of investments equal to 0.58 year, while the same indicators for the system with traditional structure amount to UAH 0.81 billion (USD 0.1 billion) and 26.8 years, respectively. The system using CC reduces the consumption of natural gas at boiler-houses and thermal power plants (TPP) by 4.33 billion cubic meters at the cost of UAH 20.51 billion (USD 2.56 billion) that is required for the production of 33.9 million Gcal of heat because HPS consume the electric power produced without any use of natural gas. This factor guarantees both high economic efficiency of the specified variant of the AFPCS structure and considerable rise of the energy security of the state. The AFPCS structure based on CC consumes annually 4.43 million tons of r.f. (reference fuel) (3.1 million tons of o.e. (oil equivalent)) of waste technogenic heat and the environmental heat that, besides ensuring the rise of its economic efficiency, reduces the greenhouse gas emissions and emissions of other harmful substances. The annual economic effect of the AFPCS structure based on CC as compared to the traditional structure amounts to UAH 22.59 billion (USD 2.82 billion).
Authors and Affiliations
Myhajlo Kulyk
Keywords
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- EP ID EP507878
- DOI 10.15407/pge2015.01.020
- Views 98
- Downloads 0
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