The comparison of composition of avirulence genes and races in collections of phytopathogenic fungus Leptosphaeria maculans in Poland
Journal Title: Rośliny Oleiste - Oilseed Crops - Year 2009, Vol 30, Issue 2
Abstract
Knowledge concerning the composition of avirulence genes and races of fungal plant pathogens brings valuable information for the directions of resistance breeding and suggests cultivation of varieties conferring resistance that has not been broken by the pathogen. The aim of this study was to compare fungal populations of Leptosphaeria maculans (Desm.) Ces et de Not. from Poland. It is a damaging pathogen of Brassicaceae family, including oilseed rape, which causes stem canker.The studies of avirulence genes and races concerned 370 isolates of L. maculans from Poland, obtained from 3 separate collections (KBN, SECURE, WLKP). The KBN collection consisted of 115 isolates obtained from leaves and stems of oilseed rape at different periods of the season and in various geographical locations in Poland. The collection of the SECURE project included 203 isolates from autumn leaf lesions obtained from samples collected in 2003–2004 in two selected locations in east (Puławy) and west (Poznań) Poland. The WLKP collection consisted of 52 isolates obtained from leaves and stems of oilseed rape with stem canker symptoms, originating from the Wielkopolska (Great Poland) region, collected in the spring, summer and autumn of 2005. The studies concerned eight avirulence genes (from AvrLm1 to AvrLm7 and AvrLm9). Both collections were lacking AvrLm2, AvrLm3 and AvrLm9 alleles, whereas AvrLm6 and AvrLm7 were present in all isolates. The dramatic difference concerned AvrLm1 allele, present in 59% of isolates in the KBN collection and only 9% and 13,5% in the SECURE and WLKP collections. In spite of theoretical possibility of numerous races, only several were detected in Poland. The decrease in AvrLm1 ratio influenced the race structure from Av1-5-6-7 towards the dominance of Av5-6-7 (80,7%).The results suggest that Rlm6 and Rlm7 resistance genes are currently the only useful sources of genetic protection of rapeseed against the present population of L. maculans in Poland.
Authors and Affiliations
Małgorzata Jędryczka, Anna Stachowiak, Julia Olechnowicz, Zbigniew Karolewski
Keywords
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