The role of glutathione peroxidase in physical exercise
Journal Title: Medycyna Sportowa - Year 2009, Vol 25, Issue 5
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species are continuously formed in metabolic processes. They are toxic derivatives of molecular oxygen which is mostly produced in mitochondria. One of the main source of reactive oxygen species is physical exercise, especially of high intensity. Additional source of it are biological and physical factors, such as ionizing radiation and ultrasounds. Intensification of oxygen metabolism depends on the type of and duration of physical exercise, its intensity and condition of the human organism. Accelerated ROS production and homeostasis disorders lead to oxidative stress. Oxidative stress is associated with pathological and physiological circumstances and causes inactivation of some proteins, intensified lipid peroxidation and ATP reduction. People mostly exposed to the negative effect of reactive oxygen species are sportsmen who practice anaerobic forms of exercise e. x. body-builders. Enzymatic and non-enzymatic defense mechanisms against reactive oxygen species attack have been developed in the human body. The enzymes involved in maintaining prooxidant-antioxidant balance are glutathione peroxidases, which catalyze oxidation of reduced glutathione in reaction with hydrogen peroxide and participate in termination of lipid peroxidation. Interchangeable activities of GPX during physical exercise and/or physical training have been noticed. They are observable in skeletal muscles, blood and other tissues. These changes depend on the type of effort, age of the subject and many additional factors including nutritional supplements. Studies performed on animals demonstrate that GPX activity decreases with age in all studied tissues.
Authors and Affiliations
Rafał Kuźniewski, Alina Woźniak, Anna Kaźnica, Romana Joachimiak, Gerard Drewa, Alicja Jurecka
Keywords
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