The sharpness of social gradients at the turn of the 20th and 21st centuries in Lesser Poland in the light of physical fitness assessment. An H-RF approach with application of T-scores scale
Journal Title: Antropomotoryka. Journal of Kinesiology and Exercise Sciences - Year 2011, Vol 21, Issue 56
Abstract
[b]Aim of the study.[/b] An attempt of evaluation of the sharpness of social gradients at the turn of the 20th and 21st century in South-Eastern Poland (Lesser Poland) by anthropological methods with the use of T-scores scale. [b]Material and methods.[/b] The results of observations of physical components, according to H-RF Convention, of 23,296 students aged 8–18 from schools in rural and urban areas of South-Eastern Poland were considered. The study has been conducted between 1993 and 2003. For both sexes, regardless of age, the following val-ues were calculated: weighted averages with their point values using the T-scores scale and the differences between the groups with regard to the place of residence. For all of the 50-persons groups drawn from the entire material, in the classes aged 8–18, the above mentioned statistical characteristics were estimated. To examine the intergroup differences, the t-Student test has been employed. [b]Results.[/b] The averaged indices of physical fitness components in the Convention H-RF, both with and without consideration of the age, revealed in majority of the cases statistically significant differences in favour of girls and boys living in the urban areas. Therefore, the arguments for rejection of the research hypothesis existed, suggesting the possibility of weakening environmental differences. The results did not confirm the commonly accepted model of motor capabilities of rural and urban children. A trace of significant differences in this respect could be the trend of differentiation in cardio-respiratory components. [b]Conclusions.[/b] The proposed method of assessing the scope and direction of differentiation of the physical health components, researched according to H-RF concept, with the use of T-scores scale, has been proved to be simple and useful tool in the field of research of social stratification. The unveiled intergroup differences in the averaged values, regardless of age, as well as the direction and extent of differentiation of the physical fitness components in further life of the respondents have revealed the existence of social stratification in the South-Eastern Poland (Lesser Poland). There is a need to change the adverse phenomenon with specific social policy of the government.
Authors and Affiliations
Jerzy Januszewski, Edward Mleczko
Keywords
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