Theranostics an Emerging Paradigm- a Review
Journal Title: IOSR Journal of Dental and Medical Sciences (IOSR-JDMS) - Year 2018, Vol 17, Issue 10
Abstract
Nanomedicine is the utilization of knowledge and tools of nanotechnology in the field of medicine. Theranostics is one of the new emerging fields in the branch of nanomedicine. Theranostics combines therapy and diagnostics. Theranostics focuses on the integration of information from a diverse set of biomarkers to create pharmaceutical formulations for a targeted subpopulation where the drug can display greater therapeutic efficacy and less toxicity. Nanoparticles are available in various forms which include Quantum dots, dendrimers, gold nanoparticles, liposomes, magnetic nanoparticles, carbon nanotubes. The unique size dependent electronic, optical, thermal, mechanical properties of nanomaterials are the properties that make them to use in the field of medicines. The high surface area: volume ratio renders nanoparticle with the ability to function with the surface moieties that can be used to target specific sites, sequester proteins or even silence a gene inside the living cell. Theranostics composed of carrier agents that are incorporated with plasmid, nucleic acids and proteins that help to diagnose with the help of nanoparticles to target the peptides, antibodies, vitamins. Nanoparticles had various applications in the field of medicine and have more advantage than the conventional therapies. It plays a key role in the treatment of cancer therapeutics in targeting the cancer cells and in biomarker discovery. The simultaneous imaging and therapy of nanoparticles with multifunctional properties provide opportunities in the field of medicine. This review emphasizes the forms of theranostic nanomedicine and its advantages over the conventional therapies.
Authors and Affiliations
Dr. Thangadurai Maheswaran, Dr. Nalliapan Ganapathy, Dr. Janardhanam Dinesh Shankar, Dr. Shanmugam Mohanapriya, Dr. Vadivel Ilayaraja, Dr. Thukanayakanpalayam Ragunathan Yoithapprabhunath, Dr. Andamuthu Mahendraperumal Yamunadevi
Keywords
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