TO STUDY OVER EXPRESSION OF P53 AND BCL2 IN CORRELATION TO HPV INFECTION IN PREMALIGNANT AND MALIGNANT LESION OF THE CERVIX
Journal Title: Journal of Indira Gandhi Institute of Medical Sciences - Year 2019, Vol 5, Issue 1
Abstract
ABSTRACT Background: Cancer of the uterine cervix is the second most common female cancer, representing approximately 15% of all neoplasm's. Cervical cancer ranks as the 4th leading cause of female cancer in the world and it is the 2nd most common female cancer in women aged 15 to 44 years. HPV DNA testing is preferred cervical screening method for woman 30-65 years old as HPV is the proved causative agent of cervical carcinoma. Due to the high costs involved in doing HPV DNA test there is a need for a biomarker such as Bcl-2 which can indicate the initiation of carcinogenic process of HPV infection. The E6 oncoprotein of HPV binds to p53, a tumour suppressor gene and inactivates it resulting in increased cell proliferation and decreased apoptosis. Apoptotic cell death is also blocked by the increased transcription of survival genes such as bcl2. Therefore, the expression of p53 and Bcl2 may be used as sensitive and specific biomarkers for cells with active expression of HPV oncogene. Objectives: 1.To evaluate the sensitivity and specificity of three methods of assessment-cytology, HPV DNA typing and detection of biomarkers (p53 & Bcl2) in cervical neoplasia considering histopathological examination as gold standard. 2.To determine the prevalance of HPV infection in cervical neoplasia patients. Material and Methods: This study was conducted in Regional Cancer Centre at Indira Gandhi Institute of Medical Sciences, Patna, and Bihar. 15 women were enrolled in this study and sample was taken for both conventional cytology and HPV, p53 and Bcl2 cytology. The results were compared and analyzed statistically. Results: A total of 15 cases of premalignant and malignant lesion were included in the study. HPV was positive in 9 out of 15 (60%) cases and was negative in 6 (40%) cases. In this study we found that p53 showed higher frequency of positivity in cases of carcinoma cervix when compared to premalignant lesion and it was statistically significant. Bcl2 expression showed higher positivity rates in both carcinoma cervix and premalignant lesion.. Conclusion: A larger case series is required to assess the association between HPV infection and over expression of p53 and bcl2 proteins in these lesions. Bcl2 IHC staining may be used as a diagnostic marker to differentiate malignant lesions from premalignant lesions but its role as a prognostic marker needs to be further evaluated
Authors and Affiliations
Vijayanand Choudhary
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