TYPOLOGY OF A SOCIAL STIGMA MOTIF IN TARAS SHEVCHENKO’S «NAIMYCHKA» AND E. GASKELL’S «RUTH»
Journal Title: Наукові праці. Серія "Філологія. Літературознавство" - Year 2016, Vol 277, Issue 265
Abstract
The subject of the article is the typological comparison of Taras Shevchenko’s «Naimychka» («Hireling») and Eliz-abeth Gaskell’s «Ruth». The research goal is the motive of social stigma in the works of Ukrainian and English writers. In the paper the theoretical concept of social stigma by an American sociologist Erving Goffman who first explained the concept of «stigma» as the process of forming social brands is used. The figures of Ruth and Lucia obtain common fea-tures of an archetypal image of a feminine sinner who repented sincerely. In the images of fallen women with illegiti-mate children one of the most common archetypes embodied – the archetype of the Great Mother and the Child. In the texts a reputational stigma is analyzed, which is based on the concept of misconduct and negative traits that are at-tributed to women who gave birth to illegitimates. The stigma of fallen women is derived from the stigmas, which «marked» prostitutes. In the story of Taras Shevchenko and in the novel of Elizabeth Gaskell a motive of maternal self-sacrifice for the life of her illegitimate is modified. Ruth and Lucia dedicate their lives to their children, reintegrated in society. Taras Shevchenko and Elizabeth Gaskell try to construct individual situations of fallen women’s salvation through parenting and devoted service to others, allowing them to avoid public stigmatization. The authors’ interpreta-tion of both images is very similar to a sacred status of the holy martyrs.
Authors and Affiliations
D. Chyk
Keywords
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