Біометричні характеристики пагонів Piceae pungens за дії промислового забруднення
Journal Title: Питання біоіндикації та екології - Year 2017, Vol 22, Issue 1
Abstract
The paper studies the influence of integrated pollution emission from vehicles and industrial enterprises on biometric indicators of annual shoots of the blue spruce Picea pungens Engelm (f. viridis Regel.) in the conditions of the steppe Prydniprov'ya. The research material was collected in 2011 in the two sample areas: the test area, which is contaminated with CO, SO2, NOх, Mn, Cu, Zn, Ni, Pb, Cd, and the control area. It was found that when the plants of blue spruce are exposed to industrial emissions, controlled changes in the growth processes occure, namely there is an inhibition of needlegrowth under man-made conditions, which is evident in the reduction of their length and weight compared to the reference data. Exposure to industrial action of phytotoxic pollutants brings insignificant changes in the diameter of the stem of annual shoots of P. pungens compared to that in the reference area. The study revealed adaptive compensatory mechanisms of plants, which undergo multicomponent pollution. They include significant annual growth of lateral shoots, increase of the number of needles on the model branch and a needle-packing factor. These are responses of the blue spruce trees to the stress caused by man-made pollution, aimed at maintaining the proper level of photosynthesis and the ability to preserve the viability of P. pungens under conditions of chronic effects of CO, SO2, NO2 and heavy metals on the plants. Our studies show high resistance of biometrics of annual shoots of P. рungens (f. viridis Regel.) to emissions of OJSC Nizhnedneprovsky Tube-Rolling Plant «INTERPIPE NTRP» and vehicles, so these tree species can be used in landscaping in manmade areas contaminated with complex substances (SO2, NOx, CO, solid impurities, including heavy metals, manganese, copper, zinc, nickel, lead, cadmium). Изучено влияние комплексного загрязнения среды выбросами автотранспорта и промышленного предприятия на биометрические показатели однолетнего побега Picea pungens Engelm (f. viridis Regel.) в условиях степного Приднепровья. Показано угнетение роста хвои под действием фитотоксикантов, что проявляется в снижении массы и длины игл. В то же время у растений P. рungens, произрастающих на техногенной территории, выявлены адаптивные механизмы компенсаторного типа: существенное увеличение годичных приростов побегов, количества хвоинок на модельной ветви и коэффициента охвоения побега.
Authors and Affiliations
Юсипіва Т. І. Iusypiva T. І.
Keywords
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