Brain MRI in Children with Sensorineural Hearing Loss
Journal Title: The 2nd Annual Meeting of International Center for Neuroscience Research - Year 2021, Vol 2, Issue 1
Abstract
Introduction: Hearing loss in the first few years of life leads to speech, language and cognitive delays. The most effective method of treating these children is early cochlear implantation. In a significant number of children with early hearing impairments, the etiology is still unclear. Computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) examinations of the peripheral hearing system are mandatory in order to obtain successful postoperative results. Little is known, however, about the imaging of the entire brain and central auditory tract, which is important in planning effective postoperative speech and hearing rehabilitation. Here we present some of the preliminary data from our 4-year multicenter and multidisciplinary teamwork on preoperative brain MRI assessment of children recruited for cochlear implantation. Material and methods: CT and 3Tesla MRI scan data from 95 children (30 female and 65 males; ages 6 months to 15 years) with severe inner ear hearing loss (grade IV) were analyzed retrospectively. In addition to imaging, 70 patients underwent a full neurological, neuropsychological and electrophysiological (EEG) examination. Results: Neuroimaging data from 9 children (9.47%) showed abnormalities of the inner ear such as otomastoiditis, mastoid cyst, cystic inclusions in the pyramid, deformed cochlea and vestibula, hypoplasia of the auditory nerves. Brain MRI was normal in 5 cases and in 4 cases it was accompanied by hydrocephalus, periventricular leukomalacia and cortical atrophy. Such brain abnormalities, including these 4 cases, were found in 50 candidates for cochlear implantation. The MRI of these patients showed different pathologies of the brain structures: mostly periventricular leukomalacia, hydrocephaly or a combination of these two and different degrees of cortical atrophy. In 26 cases, the subcortical white matter changes were bilaterally concentrated in the temporo-parietooccipital region. Conclusion: Our preliminary data show that the multidisciplinary assessment of cochlear implantation requires whole-brain MRI imaging in combination with EEG and neuropsychological examination in order to plan for optimal speech recovery.
Authors and Affiliations
N. Maziashvili, M. Okujava, N. Nakudashvili, O. Toidze
Keywords
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