CHARACTERISTIC OF ENVIRONMENT DEGRADATION PROCESSES IN THE PUCK BAY AND MAIN DIRECTIONS OF ECOLOGICAL INVESTIGATIONS AIMING AT RECULTIVATION OF THE BAY
Journal Title: Biuletyn Instytutu Morskiego - Year 1992, Vol 19, Issue 2
Abstract
During the last hundred years, the Baltic Sea environment and biocenoses have undergone a deep transformation, which resulted from a growing and cumulating influence of antropogenic factors. The Puck Bay - the western part of the Bay of Gdansk - is an especially degraded area, due to massive input of communal and industrial waste waters (mainly in the period 1972 - 1978). Similarly as in the whole Baltic, the Puck Bay's biocenosis passed through consecutive phases of development, from oligotrophic (beginning of this century), through mesotrophic, to eutrophic (end of the seventies). Within that time it reached its limits of development in conditions of antropopression, and finally broke down. In effect a new biocenotic structure of degraded type was formed.The main indicators of degradation type biocenotic transformations in the Puck Bay are the following: quick disappearance of taxons (under antropopression), a large decrease of total biomass of organisms, disappearance of bottom flora (bottom becomes desert-like), changes in flora and fauna dominants, decrease of fish take and gradual disappearance of many fish species. These were accompanied by chemical and bacterial changes of the water and bottom sediments, and progressing devastation of bottom surface.The planned touristic and recreational utilization of the He/ Peninsula and Puck Bay region, and their so-called ecodevelopment (sustainable development) are the main reasons for starting work on revalorisation ( eco-reconstruction) of the Puck Bay's biocenotic system.This paper discusses the process of Puck Bay degradation on the background of general biocenotic transformations of the Baltic Sea. Also main directions of ecological and technical work aiming at revalorization of the Puck Bay are presented.
Authors and Affiliations
Rajmund Dubrawski
Keywords
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