Clinico-cytological and radiological correlation of sputum analysis in a tertiary care hospital
Journal Title: Medpulse International Journal of Pathology - Year 2019, Vol 10, Issue 3
Abstract
Background: Sputum, a specialized product of the respiratory tract, is formed as a result of interaction between mucociliary apparatus, immune system of the host and animate, inanimate invaders from the environment. It is not only limited to the diagnosis of tuberculosis and malignancy, but is also equally important in the diagnosis of other diseases. The aim is to study the cellular morphology in the satisfactory sputum samples and to correlate the cytological features with clinical and radiological findings.Materials and Methods:This study emphasizes the role of sputum cytology in the diagnosis of non-neoplastic lung diseases in correlation with clinical and radiological features. This is a prospective study, undertaken in the Department of Pathology, from July 2016 to December 2018. During this period, 200 sputum samples were collected. Results:In the study period, 200 sputum samples received account for 1.56% of the total cytological samples. Age group ranged from 6 to 84 years with a mean age of 55.41 years. Majority of the patients belonged to the age group of 61-70 years (32%). Male to female ratio was 3.65:1. Among 200 patients, 98 cases were clinically diagnosed to have pulmonary tuberculosis (49%), of which cytological diagnosis was made in 59 cases (60.2%). Of the 32 clinical Bronchial asthma cases, 31 chronic bronchitis, 15 acute bronchitis and 13 pneumonia cases, cytological diagnosis was made in 25, 28, 11 and 10 cases respectively. Three patients each with clinical diagnosis of lung abscess and candida infection had consistent cytological diagnosis. Similarly, one patient each who were diagnosed with Aspergilloma, Actinomycosis, Pulmonary edema, Bronchiectasis, pulmonary eosinophilia clinically, had consistent cytological diagnosis. Conclusion:Sputum cytology is a simple, cheap, non-invasive and free of complications for the early diagnosis of lung diseases. Although fiber optic bronchoscopy and fine needle aspiration provide better diagnostic value, pulmonary cytology provides the primary laboratory means for diagnosing and treating patients with lung diseases
Authors and Affiliations
S Boobalan, G Lawanya
Keywords
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- EP ID EP615214
- DOI 10.26611/10510314
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