COMMERCIAL EXPLOITATION OF A POPULATION OF BREAM (ABRAMIS BRAMA LINNAEUS, 1758) IN THE VOLGA-CASPIAN REGION
Journal Title: Вестник Астраханского государственного технического университета. Серия: Рыбное хозяйство - Year 2014, Vol 0, Issue 2
Abstract
A bream is the most numerous type of fishing among of fluvial anadromous fishes and river fishes of the Volga-Caspian region. Catches were about 60 thousand tons in the middle of the twentieth century and made up almost 1/3 of the total production of fluvial anadromous fishes and river fishes. At present, the catches of a bream decreased to 7.6 thousand tons in the Volga-Caspian region in 2012 and its share in the catch does not exceed 22–23 %. Effort and catch in fishing effort are on a low level. The article presents the characteristics of the fisher bream on basis of statistic data of many years and the analysis of natural and anthropogenic factors; regions, dates, methods and gears have been considered. The dynamic of catches was analyzed, the value of unrecorded catches of bream was calculated. The intensity and the efficiency of the fishing from the second half of the twentieth century were researched. It is shown that adopted in 2009, the fishing Rules are aimed at more rational commercial use of a population of bream. It is established that the main reasons for the axe of population and catches of bream are low replenishment of the re-serves and largescale unaccounted withdrawal. The limiting factor in the formation of the number of young bream is considered to be an irrational regime of water releases from the reservoirs of the Volga water, which dramatically reduced the effectiveness of its reproduction on the spawning grounds, and the survival rate in offshore feeding area. At present, the main activities on reproduc-tion of stocks of bream and others fluvial andromous fishes are providing optimal fishery water releases in the Lower Volga River, melioration of spawning grounds and fish passes, the increase of artificial reproduction and reducing illega withdrawal. Their implementation will help restore the number of bream population and increase its catches in the Volga-Caspian region to the level of 16–18 thousand tons.
Authors and Affiliations
Natalia Levashina, Vladimir Ivanov
Keywords
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