Cross sectional, analytical study to derive the multivariate discriminant and stepwise discriminant analytical formula for sex determination from femoral variables from Maharashtra region in India.
Journal Title: Applied Physiology and Anatomy Digest - Year 2016, Vol 1, Issue 1
Abstract
Introduction: The evolution is continuous process which also affects the structure of bones which is also influenced by environment, genetics, socio-cultural factors, diet. This leads us to think that it might be necessary to update the available present standards of skeletal identification. India is a vast country with a number of different populations but only a few studies pertaining to femur are available from this part of world and can not be applied to the other group. Moreover, most of the studies of sex determination have not used latest statistical techniques. Therefore, in the present study the femur was studied for setting the standards of sex determination in the population of Maharashtra, India using multivariate discriminant analysis and then stepwise discriminant analysis. Material and method: 1068 adult human femora of known sex population available in bone banks of a various medical colleges in Maharashtra were studied for different 13 variables. Then student’s t-test, multivariate discriminant analysis and stepwise discriminant analysis was applied to find out most accurate method and variables for sex discrimination. Results: weight of femur had lowest Wilk’ lambda and highest F-ratio and thus it was the best parameter among the others as a sex discriminator. Other parameters following the order are circumference of head, circumference of mid shaft, transverse diameter of head, physiological length, length of shaft, vertical diameter of head, transverse diameter of mid shaft, minimum AP thickness of neck, AP diameter of mid shaft, maximum length and the last two parameters in this order were angle of torsion and neck-shaft angle. Using this method of classification of femora86.07% male femora and 82.02% female femora were sexed accurately. Overall accuracy of classification was 84.08%. For Stepwise discriminant analysis weight, circumference of head and minimum AP thickness of neck were the best parameters and femora sexed accurately was 92.13% for females and 92.41% for male. The overall accuracy was 92.22%. Conclusion: multivariate stepwise discriminant analysis improved the accuracy of classification of femora. The sectioning point (Z0) derived by the present study is a standard for the sexing the femora from Maharashtra region.
Authors and Affiliations
Prathmesh Kambale, Sheetal Mhaske
Keywords
Related Articles
- EP ID EP552727
- DOI -
- Views 123
- Downloads 0
A prospective study of association of type 2 diabetes in family history of hypertension
Introduction:The incidenceof diabetes mellitus is rapidly increasing worldwide, including in Asian countries. This disease contributes to many complications and comorbidities, including diabetic retinopathy leading to im...
Diabetes Mellitus and Insulin Resistance Physiology
Diabetes mellitus is a heterogeneous group of metabolic disorders characterized by chronic hyperglycemia. Diabetes mellitus is caused by complex interaction of genetics, environmental factors, and life style choices. De...
Is obesity associated with polycystic ovarian disease? – an observational analytical study
Introduction-Polycystic ovarian disease (PCOD) is a common but complex endocrine disorder and is a major cause of anovulation and consequent infertility. The stressful lifestyle is leading to increased prevalence of poly...
Study of handgrip strength & handgrip endurance in Type 1 & Type 2 Diabetics
Background: The metabolic programme of muscle mainly goes with availability of glucose in circulation which also decides the force generation, endurance and fatigability of a muscle. As kinetic abilities being dependent...
Impact of smoking on vascular endothelium
Introduction: Cardiovascular diseases are the world’s largest killers. Cigarette smoking is an established risk factor for cardiovascular disease and the leading preventable cause of coronary artery disease. Endothelial...