EDUCATIONAL POLICY IN BULGARIA BETWEEN 1878 - 1944
Journal Title: Knowledge International Journal - Year 2018, Vol 26, Issue 2
Abstract
The article aims to analyze the educational policy in Bulgaria from the first half of the 20th century. The focus is placed on the Law of National Education of 1891, which is based on the idea of education of the broad public or the education for the all people. The educational policy of prof. Ivan Shishmanov is outlined and the ambition to make the situation of teachers better by establishing rules for the appointment, transfer and dismissal of teachers is analyzed. The rights of the school board of trustees and inspectors are determined. The education is more closely related to make the children mannerly and the physical punishments are forbidden. The article also examines the Law of the National Education of 1909. The individual school grades are presented, each degree being relatively independent and the completion is related to the completion of a certain stage of the student's preparation. The law regulates the need for each degree to have specially trained teachers. Presented are the orientations of the Bulgarian ministers and teachers towards the ideas of Fr. Herbart and the introduction and validation of training, according to his statements. These are some of Herbart's sequels and the transition to education orientation towards the ideas in Germany is followed. The main stages of the educational policy in Bulgaria from 1885 to 1944 - from attempts to centralize the management of all educational, social and cultural institutions, attempts to decentralize the management of schools to pass under the guides of the relevant ministries, to have a full control over education and its close ties to national ideas in Germany.
Authors and Affiliations
Mariela Todorova-Koleva
Keywords
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