INHIBITORY EFFECTS OF ANCHUSA AZUREA EXTRACTS ON XANTHINE OXIDASE ACTIVITY AND ITS HYPOURICEMIC EFFECTS ON MICE
Journal Title: International Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences - Year 2015, Vol 7, Issue 8
Abstract
Objective: The aim of the present study was to determine the effects of the polyphenols and flavonoids from Anchusa azurea on XO activities in vitro and on serum and liver uric acid levels in normal and potassium oxonate-induced hyper uricemic mice. In addition, the renal function of the mice after flavonoid administration was estimated by the determination of blood urea and creatinine analysis.Methods: In the present study, Anchusa azurea were extracted with solvent of varying polarity allowed its separation into four subfractions: crude extract (Cr) chloroform extract (ChE), ethyl acetate extract (AcE), and aqueous extracts (AqE). Total polyphenol and flavonoids contents of Anchusa azurea extracts were determined. The inhibitory activity of the extracts on the XO was evaluated and the type of inhibition was determined. Hyperuricemia is induced by intraperitoneally injection of potassium oxonate, the uric acid, urea and creatinine were measured in serum and supernatant of the liver. The effect of the extracts on renal function was evaluated. The rate of urea and creatinine levels can be indicators for the assessment of renal function.Results: AcE were the richest in polyphenols and ChE was the richest fraction in flavonoids. The inhibitory activity of the extracts on the XO was evaluated, the results obtained showed that the inhibition is dose-dependent and ChE and AcE have the best inhibitory effect (IC50= 0.334±0.006 and 0.263±0.002 mg/ml, respectively), and both showed a noncompetitive type of inhibition. For antihyperuricemic effect, AqE and CrE caused a decrease in serum uric acid (a decrease of 66%) followed by ChE with a percentage of 29.22 %. The AcE keeps almost the same value of uric acid of "PO" group. For the supernatant, only CrE caused a significant decrease of liver uric acid (18.5±4.83 mg/l). This decrease can be explained by the significant inhibition of the XO by inhibition of the synthesis pathways of uric acid. Comparing the urea level of "OP" group (0.48 g/l), only extracts CrE-AA, AqE-AA (0.41g/l, 0.39 g/l) decreased the level of urea significantly (P ≤ 0.05) to the normal values of urea (0.34 g/l), we can conclude that the rate of urea and creatinine after treatment with plant extracts are normal and that the results of this study indicate the absence of renal damage in miceConclusion: Anchusa azurea fractions have a strong inhibitory effect on xanthine oxidase and also have a significant lowering effect on serum and liver creatinine and urea levels in hyper uricemic mice.Â
Authors and Affiliations
Boussoualim N, Baghiani A, Krache I, Trabsa H, Kenouf S, Arrar L.
ANTIMYCOBACTERIAL, ANTIMICROBIAL AND ANTIFUNGAL ACTIVITIES OF GERANIUM OIL-LOADED NANO CAPSULES
Objective: The aim of this study was to perform the first ever investigation of the effect of activities in the nano capsules containing Geranium oil (NC1) against different species of pathogens such as Mycobacterium...
EFFECT OF ROTATORY VESTIBULAR STIMULATION ON LEARNING AND MEMORY IN RATS-STANDARDIZATION OF A NOVEL METHOD
Objective: To find out the effect of rotatory vestibular stimulation in cognition in rats through examining the behavioural patterns, the alterations in dendritic arborization and changes in AChE activity.Methods: Rotato...
EVALUATION OF ANTI-OBESITY ACTIVITY OF SOLASODINE IN HIGH FAT DIET-INDUCED OBESITY IN RAT
Objective: This study was planned to study the anti-obesity activities of solasodine on high fat (HF) diet-induced obese rats.Methods: Wistar rats were divided into six groups. Control group (Group 1) received normal die...
THE COMBINATION OF ROSELLA (HIBISCUS SABDARIFFA, L) AND STEVIA (STEVIA REBAUDIANA) EXTRACTS INCREASE THE ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY AND STABILITY
Objective: The objective of this study was to determine the antioxidant activity of the combination of rosella (Hibiscus sabdariffa, L) and stevia (Stevia rebaudiana, L) leaf extract and the influence of combination on a...
POWDER FLOWABILITY AS A FUNCTIONALITY PARAMETER OF THE EXCIPIENT GALENIQ 720
Objective: The purpose of the work was the assessment of the GalenIQ 720 flowability as a functionality parameter of the excipient, comparing two different methods.Methods: The evaluated parameters were the powder flow t...