Is Oscillospora Spp in the Nasopharyngeal Mucosa Associated with Atopic Dermatitis in Children?
Journal Title: Biomedical Journal of Scientific & Technical Research (BJSTR) - Year 2018, Vol 10, Issue 5
Abstract
The arise of next generation sequencing (NGS) has improved the knowledge about the cutaneous and nasal microbiota in the development of atopic dermatitis (AD). Recently, it has been demonstrated that the microbiota plays a key role in this pathology. For our study we compared the nasal microbiome in children with AD versus healthy controls. Many different bacteria were found in this ecosystem; Staphylococcus aureus would appear to play a lesser role than suggested in studies based on nasopharyngeal cultures. However, the genus Oscillospira was more common in the children with AD and was also associated with lower body mass index. Further research is needed to understand the clinical importance of these findings in improving disease management.Until a few years ago, little was known about the relationship between the skin microbiota, skin health and immune response, as research in this area had only focused on the microorganisms classically known to be pathogens [1]. The recent development of molecular microbiology techniques, especially next generation sequencing (NGS), has revolutionized this area [2], and more and more studies are shedding light on the interactions between the host and the microbiota, and their relationship with atopic dermatitis (AD) [3-5]. Today, it is known that the maturation of the microbiota in the nostrils is relevant in the evolution of AD, a condition whose incidence and severity changes depending on a person’s physiological maturity and improves notably following puberty and in adulthood. At the same time, in adolescents and adults, Staphylococcus and Streptococcus in the nostrils tend to be replaced by lipophilic bacteria, which could explain the decreased incidence of AD and nasal colonization with S. aureus with age [6,7]. The skin microbiota can also change during AD flare-ups, depending on variables like recent treatments and the host’s inflammatory response, among others. Kong and colleagues found an association between AD flare-ups and a decrease in the diversity of the skin microbiota [8]. In fact, they observed that the proportion of Staphylococcus spp. increases and microbiota diversity decreases prior to an exacerbation of AD [8]. On the other hand, active treatment with anti-inflammatories helps to control the disease, favoring the restoration of microbiota diversity (especially the population of Streptococcus spp., Propionibacterium spp. and Corynebacterium spp.) and the limited levels of Staphylococcus in the post-flare-up period following treatment [9]. One study even found that treatment with emollients can reduce the proportion of S. aureus and increase microbiota diversity [10]. This study aimed to describe the composition, abundance and dominance of species; bacterial communities; and the biodiversity of the nasopharyngeal microbiota in children with and without AD.
Authors and Affiliations
Laura Berbegal, Juan Carlos Rodriguez, Jose Sanchez Payá, Antonio Jose Galiana, Francisco Jose De Leon, Maria Paz Ventero, María Teresa Martínez Miravete, Isabel Betlloch
Keywords
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- EP ID EP592331
- DOI 10.26717/BJSTR.2018.10.002014
- Views 125
- Downloads 0
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