Isolation and Screening of L-asparaginase and L-glutaminase Producing Bacteria and their Antimicrobial Potential from Environmental Sources
Journal Title: IOSR Journal of Pharmacy and Biological Sciences (IOSR-JPBS) - Year 2016, Vol 11, Issue 3
Abstract
Microbes are greatest sources for the bulk production of L-asparaginase and L-glutaminase for its bio-medical applications. Bacteria from terrestrial and marine habitats have long been recognised as an organism of antibiotic producers. L-asparaginase and L- glutaminase is an enzyme produced by various microorganisms which are currently used for the treatment of leukemia, in the food industry as a flavour enhancer and also as enzyme biosensors. The aim of this work was to screen L-asparaginase and L-glutaminase producing bacteria from the aquatic and terrestrial environment and their antimicrobial activity. Out of 537 bacterial strains were isolated from diverse terrestrial soil samples and aquatic area, only 118 strains exhibited enzyme activity. Among these, 15 strains were chosen for further study based on high enzyme activity. All the 15 bacterial isolates were characterised and identified up to genus level. The results revealed that 9 strains belong to Bacillus spp. 3 strains belong to Pseudomonas spp. and the remaining 3 strains found to be E.coli. All the 15 bacterial isolates exhibited potential antibacterial and antifungal activity. The highest antibacterial activity was recorded against Staphylococcus aureus (26 mm) and Pseudomonas aeroginosa (26 mm) by Bacillus flexus RM1 strain. The next highest antibacterial activity was recorded against Shigella flexneri (22 mm) and Salmonella Typhi (20 mm) by Bacillus subtilis RM4 strain. Out of 15 strains, 10 strains were found to active against Vibrio cholerae and Klebsiella pneumoniae. The lowest activity was observed against Bacillus subtilis (10 mm) and E.coli (12 mm). Inhibitory activity was mostly against gram-negative bacteria, such as Vibrio cholerae and Klebsiella pneumoniae. In fungi, the highest activity was in Bacillus flexus RM1 against Aspergillus niger (18 mm) and Cryptococcus neoformans (18 mm) and the lowest activity was noticed against Mucor racemosus (10 mm) and Rhizopus arrhizus (10 mm). From the results it was found that bacteria have great potential for the production of enzymes and antimicrobial compounds.
Authors and Affiliations
Jennifer Emelda Edward Arockia Raj,, Athmanathan Baskaran, Subbaraj Dinesh Kumar,, Indrajith Sureka,, Meganathan Velmurugan, Karuppannan Sathiyamurthy*
Keywords
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