MODELS OF A RURAL COMPREHENSIVE EDUCATIONAL ESTABLISHMENT IN THE PEDAGOGICAL HERITAGE OF VASYL SUKHOMLYNSKY
Journal Title: Актуальні питання гуманітарних наук: Міжвузівський збірник наукових праць молодих вчених Дрогобицького державного педагогічного університету - Year 2018, Vol 20, Issue 3
Abstract
The modernization of the network of rural comprehensive educational establishments in Ukraine is due to a small number of pupils and is done through the creation of new models of schools. That is why this research is dedicated to the characterization of functioning of a model of school in rural area. In this research, the model is viewed as a pedagogical system that consists of certain structural elements. The article discloses peculiarities of functioning of a rural area junior school in the experience of V. O. Sukhomlynsky, particularly, the creation of positive atmosphere during a lesson, lessons at “the School in the open air”, taking into con- sideration individual peculiarities of pupils, the creation of the situation of success during the studies, lessons of thinking, a teacher’s image, school’s connection with parents, establishment of subject-object relations. The pedagogical personnel of the Pavlyska school dedicated special attention to the creation of a positive microcli- mate during a lesson, formation of reading skills. The key to success in teaching V. O. Sukhomlynsky considered the study of individual peculiarities of pupils, the consideration of which facilitates the individualization of their learning activity both during lessons and in the process of doing their homework. He devoted special attention to the work with underper- forming pupils for whom he created different riddles, tasks-jokes, selected drawings, schematic models of objects. V. O. Sukhomlynsky took care of the development of pupils’ thinking. He thought that studying process should be organized in such a way that pupils could observe, think, consider. Pupils’ curiosity should be developed. He believes that the tools to develop thinking are tasks for wit, lessons of thinking, a chess game, travels into the nature – “school under the blue sky”, “room of thinking”. V. O. Sukhomlynsky said that a school in rural area has to fulfill the function of cultural and educational development of both pupils and residents of a village. Paying attention to the image of a rural area teacher, V. O. Sukhomlynsky called a teacher the leader of human culture who has to be spiritually rich, intellectually versatile, have a good understanding of about his/her subject, have deep knowledge, wide ken, be a master of his/her specialty. The experience of cooperation of Pavlyska school with parents is rich: the work of the “Parents school”, engagement of young families that are getting ready to become parents to the its work. The entire pedagogical creativity of V. O. Sukhomlynsky imbued with ideas of humanism and humanity. In his works, he for the first affirms the philosophy of “subject-object relations”. The use of the work of selected and characterized peculiarities of the model of a rural school in practice will facilitate the ensuring of increase of quality of education under the circumstances of a rural society.
Authors and Affiliations
Zinovii ONYSHKIV
Keywords
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