Molecular detection of the primary inoculum of the pathogenic fungi [i]Leptosphaeria maculans[/i] and L. biglobosa in Lower Silesia air samples
Journal Title: Rośliny Oleiste - Oilseed Crops - Year 2009, Vol 30, Issue 1
Abstract
The ascomycete fungal species[i] Leptosphaeria maculans[/i] and [i]L. biglobosa[/i] are the cause of stem canker — one of the most important diseases of oilseed rape in Poland and worldwide. The fungi account for great yield losses in this crop and differ in biochemical and molecular characteristics as well as in pathogenicity to host plants. Ascospores are the primary inoculum responsible for the first leaf spot symptoms on plants. These spores originate from pseudothecia – sexual fruiting bodies formed on oilseed rape stubble from the previous season’s crop. Monitoring of ascospore release enables identification of the optimal time for plant protection by fungicide application. The concentration of ascospores in the air is calculated from spore counts obtained by light microscopic examination of Melinex tapes taken from volumetric spore traps. However, this visual method of assessment cannot distinguish between L. maculans and [i]L. biglobosa[/i] ascospores due to the identical shape and size of these sexual spores.In this study, ratios between airborne propagules of both species were evaluated using a molecular approach based on species-specific primers and quantitative Real-time PCR. Tapes from a spore trap that was operated in Tarnów (Lower Silesia) during the autumn months of 2004 were processed for DNA extraction, diagnostics and quantification. The sums of the daily DNA concentrations of fungal propagules were similar for both pathogens, reaching 1124.7 pg/μl for L. maculans and 1146.07 pg/μl for[i] L. biglobosa[/i]. The maximum concentration of DNA was attained 12 days earlier for [i]L. maculans[/i] than for [i]L. biglobosa[/i]. The results of molecular detection correlated positively with those of spore counts obtained using light microscopy.
Authors and Affiliations
Joanna Kaczmarek, Małgorzata Jędryczka, Bruce Fitt, John Lucas, Akinwunmi Latunde-Dada
Keywords
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