НАПОЛЕОНІВСЬКА АРМІЯ В РОСІЇ: ПОРТРЕТ ЗАВОЙОВНИКА
Journal Title: Науковий вісник Ужгородського університету. Серія: Історія - Year 2018, Vol 39, Issue 2
Abstract
The article discusses some of the little investigated aspects of the invasion of the French army in Russia in 1812. Namely, those that fall under the concept of "war crimes". According to international law, these are exceptionally serious violations of the laws and customs of war: murder, torture, and slavery or for other purposes of the civilian population of the occupied territory; the killing or torturing of prisoners of war; taking and killing hostages; robbеry public or private property; meaningless destruction of human settlements; not justified by military necessity, etc. Sources show that it was precisely this kind of action that the French army committed during the occupation of Moscow and after it left it. Among the most massive crimes committed by French troops in the occupied territories, it should include the arson and ruin of the ancient Russian capital, the massive robbery of the Muscovites' homes, which was accorded an organized character, should be considered. At the same time, when Napoleon lived in the Kremlin's palace, next to him, in the Uspensky Cathedral, was organized a workshop on melting into ingots of looted platinum, gold and silver. The amount of precious metal exported by the occupants is calculated by hundreds of pounds. However, the most shameful page in the chronicle of war crimes committed by the Great Army in Moscow is the mass murder of the Russian wounded, remaining in the city's hospitals. Published in France under the editorship of Professors Lavissa and Rambo "The History of the XIX century" contains such a vivid admission: during the fire in Moscow, 15,000 Russians were burned alive by the French. To save the unfortunate was nobody, any attempt to stop the bacchanalia violence severely ceased. No less tragic fate has happened to those Russian prisoners of war who could move. The article cites the fact that took place after the French army left Moscow. At the approach to Gzhatsk (now the city of Gagarin), the imperial column was seen near the road of the just killed Russians. Their number reached two thousand. There is reason to believe that their death on the conscience of the Polish military, who fought on the side of Napoleon and who had a strong motive to cruelly deal with Russian captives. In the conclusions, the author draws attention to the fact that the Russian army did not take revenge on the French during her stay in Paris in 1814. Moreover that the Russians did not take anything from Paris to keep their troops, they also refused to take reparations from the defeated France.
Authors and Affiliations
Volodymyr Surnin
Keywords
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- EP ID EP579913
- DOI 10.24144/2523-4498.2(39).2018.165351
- Views 60
- Downloads 0
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