INFERRING THE CHEMICAL PARAMETERS FOR THE DISSOLUTION OF FLUORIDE IN GROUNDWATER
Journal Title: International Journal of Pharmaceutical Development & Technology - Year 2014, Vol 4, Issue 2
Abstract
ABSTRACT Although fluoride was once considered an essential nutrient, the U.S. National Research Council has since removed this designation due to the lack of studies showing it is essential for human growth, though still considering fluoride a "beneficial element" due to its positive impact on oral health. In 1994 a World Health Organization expert committee on fluoride use stated that 1.0 mg/L should be an absolute upper bound, even in cold climates, and that 0.5 mg/L may be an appropriate lower limit A 2007 Australian systematic review recommended a range from 0.6 to 1.1 mg/L. Fluoride's adverse effects depend on total fluoride dosage from all sources. At the commonly recommended dosage, the only clear adverse effect is dental fluorosis, which can alter the appearance of children's teeth during tooth development; this is mostly mild and is unlikely to represent any real effect on aesthetic appearance or on public health. The critical period of exposure is between ages one and four years, with the risk ending around age eight. Keywords: Fluoridation, Consumption, Dental Fluorosis, Beneficial element.
Authors and Affiliations
Manish Upadhyay
Keywords
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