PECULIARITIES OF STUDYING NATURAL HISTORY BY PRIMARY SCHOOLCHILDREN IN UKRAINE (FROM THE BEGINNING OF THE XXI CENTURY TO NOWADAYS)
Journal Title: Актуальні питання гуманітарних наук: Міжвузівський збірник наукових праць молодих вчених Дрогобицького державного педагогічного університету - Year 2018, Vol 18, Issue
Abstract
The article deals with the problem of studying natural history by younger schoolchildren in Ukraine from the XXI century to the present time. It is proved that the study of objects of live and inanimate nature by junior pupils in institutions of primary education of Ukraine has undergone significant fundamental changes and updates. It is investigated that since 2001 in the elementary school the course «I and Ukraine» has been taught, which contained the natural history and socio-scientific directions, that are aimed at the formation of the students’ needs for the knowledge of the world and the person in it as a social and biological being; the assimilation of spiritual values in various spheres of human life; the education of patriotism, respect for the Ukrainian state, its symbolism; creation of the theoretical basis for the intellectual development of junior schoolchildren. Three programs from the course «I and Ukraine» (authors M. Bibik, N. Koval), «I and Ukraine. Environment» (authors V. Ilchenko, K. Guz) and «I and Ukraine» (authors R. Artsyshevsky, S. Balashov, etc.) have been analyzed. It is investigated that according to the given programs younger pupils had been taught until 2012. The state standard of general elementary education, which was approved in 2011, envisaged the study of the educational branch «Natural Science» and increased the number of hours to study (two lessons of natural science per week). It is proved that at the natural history lessons the process of natural science competence formation was carried out. The main tasks of the subject «Natural Sciences» are substantiated: the formation of a whole natural-scientific picture of the world, which reflects the basic nature laws and the place of a human in it; the formation of elementary concepts and concepts about objects and natural phenomena, their interconnections and dependencies; formation of methods of educational-cognitive and nature-protective activity; mastering of initial research skills during practical works, observations and experiments; the assimilation of norms of moral, aesthetic and traditional respectful attitude of the Ukrainian people towards nature. In 2014, the natural history program was upgraded and simplified. It was investigated that in 2016 the curriculum for primary school was renewed, including the Natural Science. Modern Natural Science involves the propedevity of natural objects as appropriate for the age features of junior schoolchildren, where the basic concept is nature as a holistic system object.
Authors and Affiliations
Halyna CHERNENKO
Keywords
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