PRINCIPLES OF WATER OBJECT NAMING IN THE UKRAINIAN, RUSSIAN AND POLISH LANGUAGES
Journal Title: Слов’янський збірник - Year 2014, Vol 0, Issue 18
Abstract
One of the most important issues of modern linguistics is that of realia naming process. The object of this article is to describe the name-giving process in the thematic group of words denoting water objects in Ukrainian, Russian and Polish. The purpose is to establish general onomasiological models that reflect the naming process of the superficial, groundwater, inland waters and territorial seas. To analyse and interpret the collected material (about 250 names of water objects in the three kindred Slavic languages) we used the descriptive method, as well as the method of reconstruction and extralinguistic explanatory description. The result of the research revealed that among the selected names there are motivated (ukr., rus. and pol. pond, ukr., rus. and pol. bay) and unmotivated names with the lost motivation (ukr., rus. and pol. lake, sea) and the controversial etymology (ukr., rus. swamp, * bol- < bal- formed with the suffix -t(o), motyvemas (i.e. principles of naming) of the realia are perennial herbs of cotton grass (Eriophorum) or ashen colour of dried mud) and also loanwords (ukr., rus. firth < liman „harbor”, pol. firth entered through the Russian language) and others. Derived words are motivated by morphological word-formative way of motivation, descriptive, semantic and phonetic methods. The general onomasiological principles in the thematic group of water object names were established in the following models: „location” (ukr., rus. and pol. outfall), „movement of water” (ukr., rus. and pol. stream), „form” (ukr., rus. and pol. creek), „sound” (pol. ruczaj „noisy stream” formed on the same basis as rykat, rychat), etc. The studied name-giving process, motivational signs of the object microgroups which are combined topically and the means of motivating derivative names will help to identify the genesis of linguistic units, the general principles of thematic group name-giving process in different languages and will have practical application in lexicographical works and in the academic disciplines of the linguistic cycle.
Authors and Affiliations
O. A. Voytseva
Keywords
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