RELATIONSHIPS AMONG PSYCHOLOGICAL FACTORS AND SELECTED VARIABLES AMONG PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC, CERVICAL DERANGEMENT SYNDROME
Journal Title: Medycyna Sportowa - Year 2013, Vol 29, Issue 3
Abstract
[b]Background.[/b] The aim of the study was to explore the relationships among pain, motion of the cervical spine, duration of the current episode or number of previous episodes and psychological factors in patients with chronic cervical derangement syndrome. [b]Material and methods.[/b] 63 patients with cervical radiculopathy who achieved centralization of symptoms during an examination participated in the study. Intensity of pain was rated on a visual analog scale (VAS). The McGill Pain Questionnaire was used to assess various aspects of pain, and CROM goniometer was used to analyze the motion of the cervical spine. Anxiety was measured using Spielberger State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) while emotions were measured using Adjective Scale for Measuring Emotional State (SE-T Scale). Pearson’s r correlation was used in the statistical analysis. [b]Results.[/b] Patients with higher level of trait and state anxiety are characterized by a higher intensity of overall pain and pain localized proximally to the cervical spine. Trait anxiety was positively correlated with all indexes of the McGill Pain Questionnaire and duration of the current episode. Negative emotions revealed positive relationships with the number of previous episodes or the intensity of cervical pain, and positive emotions correlated with the level of pain in the upper extremities. Trait and state anxiety negatively correlated with protraction. [b]Conclusions.[/b] Multidisciplinary treatment ought to include activities aimed at reducing negative emotions of the patient through relaxation trainings or psycho-educational programs. Analysis of treatment efficacy should also include the emotional state of patients. Patients should be educated about the role of topography of symptoms in the diagnosis of cervical radiculopathy.
Authors and Affiliations
Grażyna Guzy, Malwina Szpitalak, Bogusław Frańczuk, Tomasz Ridan
Keywords
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