Resistance to antiplatelet drugs in patients with cardiovascular diseases and diabetes
Journal Title: Postępy Nauk Medycznych - Year 2013, Vol 26, Issue 3
Abstract
Treatment with antiplatelet drugs – aspirin (ASA) and clopidogrel – is a standard procedure in patients with cardiovascular disease, especially after ACS and invasive treatment. Despite this, cardiac events, including premature restenosis, occur in a number of patients. Such complications are partially ascribed to resistance to aspirin and/or clopidogrel. This phenomenon results in high on treatment platelet reactivity (HTPR) which seems to be more pronounced in patients with diabetes. There are several mechanism which may play a role in diabetic patients such as glycation of platelet proteins, increased platelet turnover, insulin resistance, oxidative stress, reduced bioavailability of the drugs or their metabolites. The frequency of cardiac events is associated with laboratory determined HTPR and cannot be significantly reduced by increasing doses of aspirin and clopidogrel. The way to overcome resistance to the above medicines is to use new antiplatelet drugs. Prasugrel and ticagrelor proved to be more effective than clopidogrel in reducing cardiac events in patients treated with PCI. These drugs are approved by ESC and AHA for treatment of ACS patients (with few exceptions e.g. excessive risk of major bleeding). Prasugrel appears to be especially effective in patients with diabetes. Triple antiplatelet therapy (with cilostazol added to ASA and clopidogrel) seems to offer some additional benefit in patients with diabetes but results of available studies are equivocal.
Authors and Affiliations
Wiesław Piechota
Keywords
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