Response of winter oilseed rape to sulphur fertilization depending on level of nitrogen supply to plants
Journal Title: Rośliny Oleiste - Oilseed Crops - Year 2012, Vol 33, Issue 2
Abstract
The basis for these investigations constituted the results of five field trials conducted in 2009–2011 in the Institute of Plant Breeding and Acclimatization in Poznań. In the first year of investigations (2009) the field trials were performed in three places characterized by different soil conditions: on heavy soils in Łagiewniki (N 51°46’ E 17°14’), lighter soils in Zielęcin (N 52°10’ E 16°22’) and Małyszyn (N 52°44’ E 15°10’). In the two next years (2010 and 2011) experiments were conducted only in Łagiewniki. Experimental factors were: 2 spring nitrogen fertilization levels (90 and 180 kg N·ha-1); 9 variants of sulphur fertilization with 5 different doses of sulphur (0, 15, 30, 45 and 60 kg S·ha-1) and 3 application terms: (before sowing, before sowing + in spring or only in spring) and 2 cultivars of winter oilseed rape: open pollinated variety (Casoar) and restored hybrid (Visby). The lowest dose of sulphur (15 kg S·ha-1) was applied before sowing or in the spring in the onset of vegetation. The higher doses of sulphur (30, 45, 60 kg S·ha-1) were distributed on two parts and applied in both terms or only in spring.The pre-sowing application of sulphur in dose of 15–30 kg S·ha-1 had a beneficial effect on the morphological character of plants before winter, especially on the number of leaves in rosette. In case of severe winter conditions it resulted in better survival of oilseed rape plants. . The dose of nitrogen (90 or 180 kg N·ha-1) had a significant effect on the number of primary branches, and significantly increased the number of silique per plant and the number of siliques per m2 as well as the weight of 1000 seeds.Only non-significant differentiation of studied plant habit characteristics and the components of yield were observed under influence of dose (0, 15, 30, 45, 60 kg S·ha-1) and term of sulphur fertilization (in autumn, in autumn + in spring, or only in spring).Considerably larger differentiation of plant habit characteristics and the components of yield were observed under influence of genetic factor (variety) and the environmental conditions (years and locality). In all experiences the plants of restored hybrid Visby in relation to open pollinated cultivar Casoar were before harvesting significantly higher (about over 15 cm), produced more primary branches and siliques as well as seeds in the silique, but with significantly smaller weight of 1000 seeds.Nitrogen fertilization had stronger effect on the seed yield than sulphur fertilization. The increase from 90 to 180 kg N·ha-1 caused average growth of seed yield of about 11%, whereas sulphur application from 15 to 60 kg S·ha-1 increased the yield of seeds of about 5,5%. Interaction between nitrogen and sulphur was observed. The significant growth of seed yield due to the applied dose of 15 kg S·ha-1 was received for both doses of nitrogen. Higher doses of sulphur (30 kg on lower as well as 45 and 60 kg S·ha–1 on higher dose of nitrogen), applied at a single dose in spring or as two doses – in the pre-sowing period and in spring significantly increased the yield of seeds only in comparison to the dose 15 kg S·ha-1 applied in the pre-sowing period. The sulphur fertilization higher than 30 kg S·ha-1 applied with the lower dose of nitrogen (90 kg N·ha-1) caused significant decrease of yield.The net and marginal productivity of 1 kg S was the highest (16 kg seeds) at a dose of 15 kg S·ha-1 on both levels of the nitrogen fertilization. Pre-sowing sulphur application had a favourable influence on rape yield. However the efficiency of 1 kg S (12 kg seeds) applied before sowing in a dose of 15 kg S·ha-1, was of over 1/3 smaller than of the same dose of sulphur applied in the early spring (20 kg seeds). The marginal productivity of higher doses of sulphur (30, 45 and 60 kg S·ha-1) was larger when the part of these doses (15 or 30 kg S·ha-1) was applied before sowing. The efficiency of nitrogen and sulphur were significantly differentiated by the conditions of environment. The highest productivity resulting from applying of nitrogen and sulphur was observed on feebler soils of Małyszyn (2009), whereas the lowest measures of fertilization effectiveness for nitrogen were observed in Zielęcin and for sulphur on good soils of Łagiewnik.
Authors and Affiliations
Franciszek Wielebski
Keywords
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- EP ID EP59722
- DOI 10.5604/12338273.1058124
- Views 118
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