ADJECTIVES DULCIS AND AMARUS IN THE VIRGIL’S POEMS
Journal Title: Науковий вісник Херсонського державного університету. Серія: “Лінгвістика” - Year 2018, Vol 34, Issue 2
Abstract
The present article deals with the analysis of adjectives dulcis «sweet» and amarus «bitter» in Virgil’s poems. Despite their primary gustative meaning these adjectives express often not only taste but other sensations and emotions as well. The phenomenon of synesthesia, that is the combining of primary gustative senses with the perception of odors, sounds, psycho-emotional states etc. is proper to above-mentioned lexemes. This synesthetic shift allows them to be used in the meanings that differ from the primary ones. Besides gustatory senses belong dulcis and amarus the emotional sphere to describe: 1) some actions, states or things that are pleasant or unpleasant for a speaker; 2) persons; 3) geographical objects. The result of synesthesia is a change of hierarchical structure of analyzed gustative lexemes and its transformation from the one-level structure (gustative meaning proper) to three-level one (physiological, psychological, and abstract levels). The existing synesthetic associations arise due to abstracting from material meanings of a word (its “dematerialization”) and as result, the metaphorical use preserves only value connotations. Dulcis is less widespread in Virgil’s poems and does not concern odorative and acoustic spheres, but it gets into the tactile domain. Amarus, on the contrary, describes, although minimally, these sensations. If the sphere of emotions is for dulcis dominant, prefers its antonym the sphere of taste. Nevertheless, the last circumstance does not exclude usage of amarus in emotionally marked contexts.
Authors and Affiliations
B. V. Cherniukh
Keywords
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