Antipseudomonal Activities of Aqueous and Methanolic Peel Extracts of Carica papaya L. (Pawpaw) Unripe Fruits
Journal Title: IOSR Journal of Pharmacy and Biological Sciences (IOSR-JPBS) - Year 2016, Vol 11, Issue 6
Abstract
In response to the multi-drug resistance of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, the discovery of new effective agents is important in overcoming the infections resulting from the organisms. The present study assessed the antipseudomonal activities of aqueous and methanolic peel extracts of Carica papaya L. (pawpaw) unripe fruits against ten (10) multi-drug resistant (MDR) P. aeruginosa clinical isolates obtained from patients attending University of Maiduguri Teaching Hospital. The unripe fruit peels were extracted by maceration using distilled water and methanol (99%) and the antipseudomonal activities evaluated by modified diffusion method using concentrations of 20, 40, 80 and 160mg/ml. The activities of both extracts were compared by determining Extract Potency Index (EPI). The mean age ± standard deviation (range) of the patients from whom the isolates were obtained was 34.1 ± 14.3 (21.0 – 72.0) years. Significantly highest proportion (60.0%) of the isolates was obtained from wound swabs (p < 0.05). The aqueous peel extract had percentage yield of 24.6% (35g/145g) as against 21.1% (21.1g/100g) for methanolic peel extract (χ 2 = 1.2, df = 1, p > 0.05). Both extracts demonstrated a concentration-dependent inhibition of all the 10 isolates with methanolic peel extract having larger zones of inhibition. The mean zone of inhibition produced by methanolic extract at 160mg/ml (17.9 ± 2.3mm) was similar to that of ciprofloxacin (30μg) with 19.7 ± 3.7mm (p > 0.05) but significantly higher than 14.5 ± 2.3mm produced by aqueous extract at 160mg/ml (p < 0.05). In addition, the overall mean ± standard deviation (range ) of EPI was 0.77 ± 0.22 (0.25 – 1.00); this was significantly higher for methanolic peel extract with 0.93 ± 0.12 (0.75 – 1.00) than aqueous peel extract with 0.63 ± 0.32 (0.25 – 1.00) [p < 0.05]. These findings could contribute to effective use of C. papaya L. unripe fruits and may offer alternative treatment strategy for pseudomonal infections.
Authors and Affiliations
Sulayman Tunde Balogun, Assumpta Okoro Nwabugwu2, Ayodele Oluwasoji Akanmu, Justus Jibrin, Samson Gamache
Keywords
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- EP ID EP387153
- DOI 10.9790/3008-1106063841
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