COMPARATIVE ASSASSMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL DAMAGE WHEN USING GEL FORMING SYSTEMS OF DIFFERENT COMPOSITION IN COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDS EXTINGUISHING
Journal Title: Вісник Кременчуцького національного університету імені Михайла Остроградського - Year 2018, Vol 1, Issue 108
Abstract
Purpose. To develop highly effective environmentally friendly agents of combustible liquids extinguishing and to perform a comparative assessment of the possible environmental damage to the environment when using them. Methodology. Initially, gelling fire extinguishing systems (GFS) based on liquid glass and inorganic soluble metal salts and ammonium ion were obtained (12 systems). They contain in their composition inorganic substances of 3 and 4 hazard classes and are applied to environmentally friendly material foam glass. Then, the minimum and stoichiometric concentrations of the components of gel-forming systems, which are necessary for the gelling process, are calculated. Fur-ther, the amount of possible environmental damage from pollution of surface water and soil by soluble products of the gelation reaction of different gel-forming systems was calculated. Results. The analysis of GFS on the basis of gellants and metal salts (or ammonium) made it possible to identify the conditions of the formation of GFS used in firefighting and the systems that cause the minimal environmental damage. Thus, the stoichiometry of the reaction should be en-sured to neutralize the environmental impact of the original components of the mixture. It is proposed to extinguish fires of combustible liquids using GFS based on potassium carbonate and sodium chloride, and in their absence based on calcium and magnesium chlorides. Calculation of environmental damage showed more negative economic effect from the soil pollution, and to a lesser extent from the surface waters pollution by using GFS in firefighting. The amount of environmental damage can vary greatly, when the supposed estimated amounts of the components of the GFS are released into the environment. It is determined mainly by the mass, hazard ratio and MPC of the pollutant. The estimated expected amount of the environmental damage from the infiltration of dissolved pollutants into the soil and surface water bodies when using GFS based on chlorides and sulphates is negligible. Originality. The estimated environmental damage from the pollution of surface waters and soils for 12 considered GOS is determined as a parameter of the environmental characteristics of a fire extinguishing agent. The need to ensure the stoichiometry of the formation of GFS in order to minimize environmental damage was noted. Practical value. The estimated amount of environmental damage from the water pollution and the soil pollution is calculated for a number of GOS using in extinguishing flammable liquids. It is 13 - 114000 UAH. It is recommended to use GFS on the basis of potassium carbonate and sodium chloride, and in their absence - on the basis of calcium and magnesium chlorides.
Authors and Affiliations
I. Dadashov, V. Loboichenko, A. Kireev
Keywords
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- EP ID EP659514
- DOI 10.30929/1995-0519.2018.1.123-129
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