Conceptual Model of Elements and Dimensions of Corporal Punishment According to Internal and External Researches
Journal Title: The Journal of Human Rights - Year 2012, Vol 7, Issue 1
Abstract
Corporal punishment is using physical force to discipline or correct a child`s behavior so that they experience pain without any harm. Corporal punishment occurs mainly at home or at school. The present study investigated corporal punishment within the family (punishment of children by parents). Reviewing the studies conducted on corporal punishment, the present study examined factors affecting corporal punishment as well as the factors affected by corporal punishment and finally presented a conceptual model of elements and dimensions of corporal punishment applied by parents. The results of the review showed that many background and personality characteristics of both children and parents are involved in corporal punishment. The use of corporal punishment can result in behavioral problems in children both at individual and social levels and all this is influenced by the culture of a society. And since there are some religious instructions regarding the disciplining of children in their religious culture, corporal punishment is not prohibited in Muslim societies. Furthermore, there are some limits and conditions which are difficult to observe. چکیده تنبیه بدنی یعنی استفاده از نیروی فیزیکی، برای اصلاح یا کنترل رفتار کودک با هدف و قصد اینکه کودک درد را تجربه کند، اما صدمه‌ای نبیند. تنبیه بدنی عمدتاً در دو سطح خانواده و مدرسه مطرح می‌باشد. در مطالعه حاضر تنبیه بدنی در سطح خانواده (تنبیه کودک توسط والدین) مورد بررسی قرار گرفته است. پژوهش حاضر با مطالعه تحقیقات انجام شده در زمینه تنبیه بدنی به بررسی عوامل تأثیر‌گذار بر تنبیه بدنی و تأثیر‌پذیر از آن پرداخته است و در نهایت به ارائه مدلی مفهومی از عناصر و ابعاد تنبیه بدنی کودکان توسط والدین می‌پردازد. این مرور نشان داد که بسیاری از ویژگی‌های زمینه‌ای و شخصیتی کودک و والدین زمینه‌ساز استفاده از تنبیه می‌شود. استفاده از تنبیه نیز منجر به مشکلات رفتاری، در سطح فردی و اجتماعی در کودک می‌گردد و در نهایت همه این روابط متأثر از فرهنگ هر جامعه می‌باشد. در جوامع اسلامی نیز به دلیل دستورات تربیتی موجود در فرهنگ دینی آن‌ها، تنبیه بدنی در مرتبه نخست نهی می‌شود و در مرحله بعد دارای حدود و شرایطی است که رعایت این حدود و شرایط نیز آسان نمی‌باشد.
Authors and Affiliations
Fariba Khoshbakht
Keywords
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