Funkcje trwałych użytków zielonych na obszarach górskich w kontekście zmian prawno-gospodarczych
Journal Title: Łąkarstwo w Polsce - Year 2015, Vol 18, Issue
Abstract
Permanent grasslands in addition to the production role are also of ecological and aesthetic importance. After 1989, the socio-economic transformations that began in Poland have significantly affected the changes in agricultural use. There was a limitation of agricultural production and transformation of agriculture in the mountains into more ecological and sustainable one. The area of arable land decreased for the sodded areas. Some of the grasslands began to transform into areas used for non-agricultural purposes, and even for development. These changes also arise from legal and financial conditions. Pre-accession funds (PHARE, SAPARD), the Code of Good Agricultural Practice, as well as PROW2004-2006 and 2007-2013 had already the impact on the permanent grassland changes. The current PROW 2014-2020 and the principle of “cross-compliance” also draw attention to the need to maintain and enlarge the area of the grasslands. These conditions meant that many sward areas are used only for the purpose of obtaining direct payments, but it’s often forced farmers to change the way of grassland use. Many of them now have recreational functions. They are used to form golf courses, ski lifts, slopes for roller skis or horse-riding. The disadvantage of these changes is disorder of phenological phases of vegetation, or even destroying the sward. However, alternative use of green areas with proper care and preservation of the principles of sustainable development gives a chance for economic development of the region and indirectly reduces the total degradation of the grassland by e.g. self-forestation.
Authors and Affiliations
Marek Kopacz
Keywords
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