INTERNATIONAL EXPERIENCE OF ENVIRONMENTAL CULTURE FORMATION OF FUTURE NATURAL SCIENCES TEACHERS IN THE PROCESS OF PROFESSIONAL TRAINING
Journal Title: Актуальні питання гуманітарних наук: Міжвузівський збірник наукових праць молодих вчених Дрогобицького державного педагогічного університету - Year 2018, Vol 20, Issue 1
Abstract
In the ecological education as a social system of the state the main thing is the formation of the ecological culture of the individual. In the second half of the twentieth century in the majority of foreign higher educational institutions the problem of environmental protection was studied fragmentarily. The situation has improved after the introduction of postgraduate education, where a multidisciplinary approach to the study of the environment is being widely introduced. The main objective of environmental education is the formation of an ecological culture of individuals and society as a whole, the formation of skills, fundamental ecological knowledge, environmental thinking and consciousness, based on the attitude towards nature as a universal value. Classical ecology is a natural science that arises at the border of biology and bio-ecology; its subject can be widely defined as the study of the diversity of relationships between the organism and the environment. The current state of ecology as a science is characterized by a significant expansion of its subject as a result of the integration of scientific and environmental knowledge, the connection of ecology with other natural sciences and humanities. In foreign countries, the background for the transformation of the humanistic model of education into eco-humanistic was created, making it a massive pedagogical achievement. Ecological education is a set of such inter- connected components as: environmental knowledge – environmental thinking – environmental outlook – environmental ethics – environmental culture. Each component corresponds to a certain level of environmental maturity: informa- tive-preparatory, basic-ideological, higher, profile-professional (ideological-mature) ones. The most important tasks of ecological education, the implementation of which will result in the preservation and rational use of natural complexes, relate to the formation of awareness and cognitive methods of young people, analysis of the relationship between man and nature and emotional positive attitude to its protection and motivational principles of active environmental impact. The article attempts to analyze the peculiarities of the methodological training of future biology teachers in different countries. In Russia, Belarus, Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, and Azerbaijan, they introduce interesting courses of methodical orientation, and also use innovative training technologies for future specialists. In Moldova, the competence approach in the educational process is implemented; the basic and special competences of future teachers are defined. The expe- rience of foreign countries requires careful analysis, systematization and synthesis, as well as the introduction of its best achievements in national education.
Authors and Affiliations
Vitaliy GONCHARUK
Keywords
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