Level of Formation of Empathy in Children of Older Preschool age
Journal Title: Педагогіка формування творчої особистості у вищій і загальноосвітній школах - Year 2018, Vol 58, Issue
Abstract
The article describes the course and results of the ascertaining stage of the study of the state of formation of empathy in older preschool children. Diagnostics that have been selected for each of the criteria for the development of the emotional sphere of preschool children are described: the level of development of the emotional sphere; perception of expression in a specific situation; the ability to identify different emotions in accordance with the appearance; the ability to distinguish the emotional states of people. The main categories of causes that cause vivid emotions are identified: non-social interaction, social interaction and the situation associated with the child’s inner experiences, regardless of the specific situation. One of the main conditions for the formation of emotional sensitivity of children is determined by saturation of the emotional atmosphere of the acquired experience in emotionally significant situations. An indicator of emotional development is also understanding and the ability to verbalize emotion with facial expressions, posture, gestures. It is shown that the inclusion of the task on the perception of a person’s expression in a moral situation where the focus is on relationships between people helps children not only to identify experiences, but also to understand the moral essence of human relations, to give them emotional assessment, to update knowledge of norms, to understand the reason for that or a different mood of a peer, teaches him to sympathize with him. An important indicator of the development of the emotional sphere of the preschooler’s personality is the ability to integrate several emotional manifestations, experiences and understanding of the poly-emotionality of the senses, even when they do not appear externally. There are 4 levels of integration of several dimensions of emotional response to situations: the intensity of emotions; presence of several emotions; the presence of emotions of different valencies; the presence of several dimensions of emotional response to situations. The conclusion is made about the unsatisfactory real state of the formation of the emotional and sensual sphere of older preschool children and the need to strengthen the attention of educators to the development of children’s perception of expression.
Authors and Affiliations
В. А. ЛЯПУНОВА
Keywords
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