PARKINSON’S DISEASE- A REVIEW
Journal Title: Journal of Evolution of Medical and Dental Sciences - Year 2018, Vol 7, Issue 10
Abstract
Parkinson’s disease is a disease of insidious onset. The symptoms usually come on slowly over time. (1). Parkinson’s disease is a neurodegenerative disease that affects an area of the brain- Substantia nigra. This is age related and non-reversible disease. It mainly affects the motor system and to some extent non-motor system is also involved. Parkinson’s disease is the second most common neurodegenerative disease after Alzheimer’s disease. It is a progressive disease, which is usually slow. At the onset the most obvious are shaking rigidity, slowness of movements and difficulty with walking and writing. The main motor symptoms are collectively called Parkinsonism or Parkinson’s syndrome. Non-motor symptoms are also seen. Thinking and behavioural problems may occur early. (2). Depression and anxiety are also common- occurs in more than one-third of Parkinson’s disease. Dementia becomes common in the advanced stage of the disease. Other symptoms are sensory, sleep and emotional problems. The disease is more common in male than female by a ratio of 2: 1. There are two basic types of Parkinson’s disease. They are- (1) Idiopathic, and (2) Secondary. Idiopathic Parkinson’s disease is more common. In idiopathic Parkinson’s disease cause is not known, but genetic and environmental factors are involved. Those with a family history are more prone to suffer from the disease. However, no effective therapy exists till date. The treatment is directed to improve symptoms and slow the progress of the disease. As the disease progresses neurons continue to be lost, these medications become ineffective. Focus of current research is to increase awareness for Parkinson’s disease and try to prevent the disease to occur and early diagnosis and management to improve quality of life of patients. The aim is to describe pathophysiology and historical perspective and aware that person suffering from Parkinson’s disease can live a normal life. An English doctor James Parkinson published the first detailed description of the disease- “An Essay of the Shaking Palsy” in 1817- the disease is named after him- Parkinson’s disease.
Authors and Affiliations
Supriya Krishna, Sandhya Prasad, Rohit Goel, Bijay Krishna Prasad
Keywords
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- EP ID EP411281
- DOI 10.14260/jemds/2018/295
- Views 94
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