Pochodzenie społeczne uczniów seminariów nauczycielskich w Polsce w latach 1918–1937

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Pochodzenie społeczne uczniów seminariów nauczycielskich w Polsce w latach 1918–1937

Journal Title: Przegląd Historyczno-Oświatowy - Year 2016, Vol 0, Issue 1

Abstract

Teacher Training Colleges were schools that educated teachers for elementary schools. They were meant to be temporary, but in practice, it turned out that they survived almost throughout the interwar period. In fact, they functioned in the years 1918–1937. They existed mainly in smaller towns and even in villages, and were distributed evenly across the country. They undertook teaching young people who had completed elementary school, and the training period was five years. The students came from different backgrounds, but mainly from poorer families. The youth from families of small farmers and craftsmen predominated. A relatively large number of students were also those who came from the families of farm and factory workers, domestic service, railway and postal workers. It is assumed that approximately 65% of students originated from the most materially disadvantaged backgrounds. The fact that these young people undertook studies in teacher training colleges was determined primarily by economic considerations. The tuition in the state institutions (and they were the most common, usually a little over 60%) was free of charge. The only charge were small fees related to materials for practice and papers. Alongside this, out-of-town students could live in a boarding school where fees were lower than in lodgings. As for the poorest students, they could apply for scholarships and also for special grants in random incidents. Thanks to all those forms of financial support, young people from poorer backgrounds could continue their education. Teacher Training Colleges played an important role in the Polish education system. Thanks to them, all public schools had fully qualified staff already in the thirties. The teachers educated in teacher training colleges gained a profession that enjoyed a high level of social recognition.

Authors and Affiliations

Jerzy Doroszewski

Keywords

EP ID EP192355
DOI 10.17460/2016.1_2.05
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