Psychiatric manifestations of autoimmune diseases – diagnostic and therapeutic problems
Journal Title: Psychiatria Polska - Year 2012, Vol 46, Issue 6
Abstract
In autoimmune diseases, also called connective tissue diseases, many systems and organs are involved, including the central, peripheral and autonomic nervous system. The frequency of neurological and neuropsychiatric manifestations varies in certain autoimmune diseases. One of the most common causes of these symptoms are vascular pathologies, including inflammatory and thrombotic, immunologic and atherosclerotic changes. Neuropsychiatric complications may present as a single symptom or might form a syndrome. In a particular patient, a syndrome might change its form in time, presenting itself as a different syndrome. Quite a lot of these symptoms are not a result of a disease itself but its treatment, metabolic abnormalities, arterial hypertension or infection. Steroids play a particular role in the induction of these complications.The role of increasingly used biological agents is uncertain. The most frequent psychiatric manifestations of the connective tissue diseases are: benign behavioural changes, emotional instability and sleep impairment. Neuropsychiatric symptoms are most frequently seen in systemic lupus erythematosus (up to 80% of these patients), particularly with the co-existent antiphospholipidsyndrome. Psychoses with or without seizures are included in the diagnostic criteria of the disease. A separate clinical problem is an induction of a synthesis of autoantiobodies by some drugs, including psychiatric drugs. These antibodies induce clinical symptoms of an autoimmune disease only in some patients, most frequently the symptoms of lupus erythematous, co called: drug induced lupus, including arthralgia, myalgia, fever, skin lesions and serositis. The diagnosis and treatment of psychiatric complications of autoimmune diseases is quite complicated. It is extremely important to distinguish whether a particular symptom is primary to the disease itself or secondary to its treatment. The most important recommendations are treatment of the underlying disease, its exacerbations and chronic phase, and prevention and treatment of vascular problems.
Authors and Affiliations
Magdalena Celińska-Löwenhoff, Jacek Musiał
Keywords
Related Articles
- EP ID EP119955
- DOI -
- Views 69
- Downloads 0
Prevalence, reasons, and forms of use of legal highs by internet-based survey participants
Aim. The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence, causes and forms of the use of legal highs in Poland. Methods. The study was based on an original questionnaire and was carried out through the Internet before ba...
The influence of sociodemografic and medical variables on severity of anxiety and depressive symptoms during particular trimesters of pregnancy
Aim. The aim of the study was to research the effect of selected socio-demographic and medical variables on the severity of symptoms of anxiety and depression in different trimesters of pregnancy. Materials and methods...
Stymulacja TMS w terapii depresji – problem miejsca stymulacji, czyli kilka słów o anatomii zaburzeń depresyjnych
Od 1992 r. przezczaszkowa stymulacja magnetyczna TMS jest poddawana badaniom pod kątem jej skuteczności przeciwdepresyjnej. Badania kliniczne wykazują, iż aktywna stymulacja jest istotnie skuteczniejsza od placebo, sam e...
MATRICS consensus cognitive battery – standard for the assessment of cognitive functions in clinical trials in schizophrenia
Cognitive dysfunctions often occur long before the onset of psychotic symptoms of schizophrenia. They include mostly deficits in attention, memory (including working memory) and executive functions. The level of cognitiv...
Psychogenic tics: clinical characteristics and prevalence
Aim. Clinical characteristics and the prevalence of psychogenic tics (PT) Methods. 268 consecutively examined patients aged 4 to 54 years (221 men, 47 females; 134 children, 134 adults) with tic phenotype: Gilles de la T...