Role of Prophylactic Antibiotic in Low-risk Patients Undergoing Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy
Journal Title: Journal of Medical Research and Practice - Year 2017, Vol 6, Issue 5
Abstract
Background Elective gallbladder surgery is the most common elective surgical procedure in the abdomen. Antibiotic prophylaxis is a common conduct in open cholecystectomy, and it is also applied to patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy without any proof of effectiveness. Laparoscopic surgery offers some advantages related to less manipulation and shorter length of surgical wound, so antibiotic prophylaxis effect could be lower than in open surgery. The present focussed on the role of prophylactic antibiotic in reducing surgical site infections in low-risk patients undergoing elective laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Methods Study focussing on 60 patients who had undergone laparoscopic cholecystectomy. 30 out of 60 patients received prophylactic antibiotic treated as group 1 and rest 30 patients as group 2 (control group) who received placebo. Inclusion criteria include all patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy between age 12 and 60 years, having an American Society of Anaesthesiologists (ASA) Grade I scoring. Exclusion criteria included acute cholecystitis in the 6 months prior to surgery and evidence of cholangitis or obstructive jaundice and biliary pancreatitis etc. Results Out of total 60 patients reported from the study, 26 patients (43.33%) were found to be in the age group of <30 years followed by 20 patients (33.33%) in the age group of 31–40 years. Gall bladder disease was predominant among females. P value for sex distribution was 0.519, which was statistically insignificant. Out of 30, 3 patients (10.00%) in control group developed fever on pod 2 while in case group 2 patients out of 30 (6.67%) developed fever. The P value for this analysis was 1.00. Out of 30 patients included in the control group, trocar site infection was found in only 2 patients on pod 2 (6.67%) and in only 1 of the case group patients (3.33%). Total incidence was found to be 5.00% in total 60 patients included in the study. The P value was found to be statistically insignificant (1.00). Conclusion To date most of studies including present study indicated for use of Antibiotic prophylaxis only for high-risk patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy since intense antibiotic pressure have led to bacterial resistance.
Authors and Affiliations
Vivek Verma,, Ashok Sharma, SV Arya
Keywords
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