THE REFLECTION OF SAINT JOHN OF NEPOMUK CULT IN RELIGIOUS MEDALLIC ART (according to the archaeological excavations in Dubno)
Journal Title: Матеріали і дослідження з археології Прикарпаття і Волині - Year 2018, Vol 22, Issue
Abstract
An analysis of three medallions, dedicated to the Czech Saint – John of Nepomuk, which were discovered during the excavations in the under the altar crypt of the former Bernardine Catholic church in Dubno, is presented at the article. These items were found in the context of the destroyed burials of the XVIII century, which transforms them into a category of rare artifacts. Particular attention is focused on the characteristics of the features of iconography and the ideological content of images. The set of characters accompanying the image of St. John of Nepomuk is described. Their value according to Christian symbolism and connection with the hagiography of saint are defined. To understand the consistent patterns of the iconographic type, a brief overview of the iconic stages of John of Nepomuk’s activity, the circumstances of formation, development and ways of manifestation of his cult are carried out. The connection of the geography of the cult of the saint with the emergence of religious brotherhoods of his name and the activities of certain monkhood communities is noted. It was established that medallions are similar to finds from Dubno were a sign of spiritual brotherhood members. An analysis of the findings from the sites on the territory of Central Europe suggests that these medallions were purposefully put into the grave. The data obtained provide medallions with the properties of a valuable source base, suitable for considering the poorly studied aspects of a funeral culture. As a result, the nature of the manifestation of religious tendencies in the social life of the eastern outskirts of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth during the period of modern history is studied. The conducted studies allow concluding that in the XVII–XVIII centuries the spread of the cult of the saint went beyond the bounds of the Czech Republic and covered the territory of the whole of Europe. At this particular time, the production of religious medallions with the depicting of the saint was a mass phenomenon. In the active propaganda of the cult and the distribution of medallions distinguished Jesuits, Dominicans and Franciscans. Devotional objects dedicated to St. John of Nepomuk, still have not been the subject of a separate study. Their presence in the burials, the location and a small amount in the collections of funeral equipment, indicates the connection of buried persons with the brotherhood communities of St. John of Nepomuk. The ideological meaning, embodied in the cult of this holy martyr, enriched with new spiritual trends of funeral culture of the Baroque period.
Authors and Affiliations
Vira Hupalo
Keywords
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- EP ID EP534644
- DOI 10.33402/mdapv.2018-22-416-425
- Views 68
- Downloads 0
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