A comparative analysis of laser interstitial thermal therapy and gamma knife radiosurgery for trigeminal neuralgia: efficacy in pain relief and complication mitigation
Journal Title: International Neuroscience Conference (NEURO-2023) - Year 2023, Vol 4, Issue 1
Abstract
Introduction: Trigeminal neuralgia, an incapacitating ailment characterized by excruciating facial pain, presents therapeutic avenues such as Laser Interstitial Thermal Therapy (LITT) and Gamma Knife radiosurgery. This research endeavors to meticulously evaluate and juxtapose the efficacies and rates of complications stemming from these two therapeutic modalities, as they relate to the mitigation of pain in individuals afflicted with trigeminal neuralgia. Materials and Methods: A comprehensive cohort of 240 individuals diagnosed with trigeminal neuralgia was thoughtfully incorporated into this study. Of these, 150 subjects underwent LITT (Group A), while 90 participants were subjected to Gamma Knife radiosurgery (Group B). Scrupulous recording of patient demographics occurred, with meticulous evaluation of pain relief outcomes, recurrence tendencies, and complications being conducted, employing statistical methodologies congruent with the scope of the study. Results: Within Group A (mean age 55±7.2, 62% females), the average pain relief score exhibited a profound and statistically significant enhancement relative to baseline (p<0.001). Impressively, a staggering 80% of patients reported experiencing complete pain relief, while a commendable 15% noted partial pain alleviation. Recurrence of pain manifested in a modest 5% of patients during the stipulated follow-up interval. Notably, complications, inclusive of transient numbness or dysesthesia, surfaced in 6% of patients; however, conspicuous by their absence were instances of infection or major adversities. In contrast, Group B (mean age 58.3±6.8, 67% females) displayed an analogous enhancement in the pain relief score (p<0.001). Herein, complete pain relief was evident in 75% of patients, with partial relief materializing in 20% of cases. A relatively higher recurrence rate of 10% was observed within this subset. Complications, characterized predominantly by facial numbness or weakness, surfaced in 8% of patients, with no occurrences of radiation-induced complications noted. Conclusion: Preliminary scrutiny of the data unambiguously indicates the commendable efficacies of both LITT and Gamma Knife radiosurgery in ameliorating pain among patients affected by trigeminal neuralgia. Notably, LITT exhibited a superior prevalence of complete pain relief, whereas Gamma Knife radiosurgery displayed a distinct edge in terms of reduced recurrence rates. Furthermore, the incidence of complications remained relatively infrequent for both therapeutic avenues, with LITT registering a lower occurrence of transient numbness or dysesthesia. The implications of these findings underscore the need for extended follow-up investigations and comparative examinations to definitively discern the optimal therapeutic regimen for addressing trigeminal neuralgia.
Authors and Affiliations
Chankseliani, O. C. , Tbilisi State Medical University, Tbilisi, Georgia.
Keywords
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