Complications of HIV infection
Journal Title: Туберкульоз, легеневі хвороби, ВІЛ-інфекція - Year 2019, Vol 0, Issue 2
Abstract
HIV-infected patients often develop various complications and comorbidities including opportunistic diseases that worsen patient’s general state and decrease antiretroviral treatment effectiveness. On the other hand, the diagnosis of HIV infection often begins with the identification of complications, and only then, the main disease is diagnosed. Early detection of these complications and comorbidities is essential for timely and effective treatment of patients with HIV infection. In addition, an important issue is the differential diagnosis of complications caused directly by HIV, opportunistic infections and antiretroviral therapy, since each of these groups of complications needs its own approach to treatment. The literature review of PubMed resource performed in this work allowed us to present the main complications of HIV infection and to separate them by the location of the lesion and the cause of occurrence, which facilitates the perception of information. Neurological, cardiopulmonary and gastrointestinal complications are described in detail, since the violation of these systems occurs in HIV-infected patients most often. The main causing factors, the features of clinical manifestations, detection and diagnosis by visualization, serological, microbiological, histological and other methods are described in the study. The main directions of HIV infection complications treatment, the features of the patient’s condition in which it is advisable to use certain methods of treatment, a plan for further patients monitoring are also described. Other rare lesions, such as urogenital, musculoskeletal, metabolic and endocrine complications, are also described. It has been found that the manifestations of HIV infection are variable and depend on the stage of HIV infection, the level of CD4+ cells, viral load, the presence of opportunistic diseases and the antiretroviral therapy regimen used. The features of the etiology, pathogenesis, clinical manifestations and treatment of HIV infection complications described in the article can help doctors of all specialties in early detection, treatment and prevention.
Authors and Affiliations
O. S. Shevchenko, V. I. Petrenko, L. D. Todoriko, O. O. Pohorielova
Keywords
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- EP ID EP674612
- DOI 10.30978/TB2019-2-85
- Views 115
- Downloads 0
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