СМИСЛОВА СТРУКТУРА МОДАЛЬНИХ ОДИНИЦЬ “AVER BISOGNO DI” ТА “BISOGNARE” У ПОРІВНЯЛЬНОМУ АСПЕКТІ (на матеріалі італійської мови)
Journal Title: Проблема семантики слова, речення та тексту - Year 2018, Vol 40, Issue
Abstract
The article focuses on appropriateness’s of quantifying of information in microtext of functioning of modal units “aver bisogno di” and “bisognare” in the Italian language. Modal units “aver bisogno di” and “bisognare” determine quantifying of information in microtext being nucleus and forming modal structures together with joined components. The modal structure is formed by joined components in according to the regularity rules in the near-nuclear zone (components combined with modal construction “aver bisogno di” or modal verb “bisognare”) and the nearperipheral zone (components used in the modal sentence with modal construction “aver bisogno di” or modal verb “bisognare” or in adjacent sentences). The modal structures “aver bisogno di” and “bisognare” express the modal meaning of privative necessity that is characterized by contradiction between real and wanted state of affairs for a subject evaluated modally. Such contradiction stimulates the subject to make an action which purpose is to change the real state of affairs. If a context of functioning of “aver bisogno di” verbalizes situation hic et nunc, a context of using of “bisognare” is characterized by description of realizing by the subject of necessity of making some actions or realize conduction strategy. In this case the wanted state of affairs is presented not only from the point of view of its ontological status but also from the point of view of its value. The microtext of functioning of the modal structure “aver bisogno di” is correlated more with subject-centric system “I – hear – now” and presents expliciting of information by perceptive, emotive and epistemic segments. The microtext of functioning of the modal structure “bisognare” is characterized by expliciting of information by epistemic, volitive and axiological segments. The privative necessity expressed by the marker “bisognare” tends to be contaminated by the inner possibility. In such case a microtext is characterized by generalization and includes abstract lexical units. The modal structure “aver bisogno di” combines in pre-nuclear zone with quantors (molto, tanto, urgente), personal pronouns (lui, lei, te, me), indefinite reference groups (uno / una + reference class), indefinite quantors (qualcuno, qualcosa), demonstrative pronouns (questo, quello), modal deictic “proprio”, temporal markers, verbā sentiendi (ri)vedere, (ri)sentire). If the modal structure “aver bisogno di” is combined with indefinite reference groups, in the near-peripheral zone are often used verbs in Subjunctive Mood. The modal structure “aver bisogno di” is also combines in the in pre-nuclear zone with lexical units of privativeness semantics (aiuto, assistenza, protezione, consiglio, conforto, favore). In the near-peripheral zone of the modal structure “aver bisogno di” are used means of espressing of the modal meaning of inner possibility (sapere + infinitive, (essere) capace di + infinitive) that indicate potential capacity of subject for making necessary action. Such use correlates with the appearing in microtext of evaluative lexical units (abile, buono). The modal structure “bisognare” combines in pre-nuclear zone with verbā dicendi (chiedere, domandare, avvertire), lexical units of contaminated epistemicvolitive semantics (uscire dal dubbio, uscire dall’incertezza) verbs of actionable semantics (prepararsi, prendere, decidersi, fare), verbs that express expectations (sperare, aspettare), proofs and their results (provare, tentare, cercare, trovare), modal deictic “proprio”. The near-peripheral zone of “bisognare” (as well as one of the modal structure “aver bisogno di”) is characterized by sense relations of causality between the sentences or their parts being oriented on overcoming of privativeness.
Authors and Affiliations
Валерія Охріменко
Keywords
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